UAE - Libya

Specific goods that require special licenses or permissions include arms and ammunition, which necessitate strict licensing due to security concerns. Alcohol and tobacco products are also heavily regulated and subject to high duties and special permissions due to health regulations. Pharmaceuticals require approvals from health authorities in both countries to ensure safety and compliance with medical standards. 

Libya's customs duty rates vary significantly based on the product category. Essential goods often enjoy lower rates to encourage imports, while luxury items and non-essential goods may face higher tariffs. Generally, duty rates can range from 5% to 30%, and Libya applies a standard VAT rate of around 5% on goods. 

In Libya, duty exemptions are available for certain raw materials used in manufacturing, as well as goods imported for specific government projects. The UAE offers duty exemptions for goods imported into free zones, for re-exports, and for specific industries like healthcare and education under certain conditions. Both countries aim to encourage economic development through these exemptions. 

Shipping times by sea from the UAE to Libya typically range from 10-12 days depending on the specific port and shipping conditions. Air freight between major airports in the UAE and Libya, such as from Dubai to Tripoli, usually takes about 5-6 hours. These times can vary based on the carrier, route specifics, and logistical arrangements. 

The most commonly used and secure payment methods in trade between the UAE and Libya include Letters of Credit (LCs), which provide a guarantee from the buyer's bank to the seller's bank upon fulfillment of the trade terms. Bank transfers and international wire transfers are also widely used due to their speed and reliability. These methods ensure that payments are protected and traceable, minimizing the risk for both parties involved in the transaction.